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Ladataan... White Devil: A True Story of War, Savagery and Vengeance in Colonial AmericaTekijä: Stephen Brumwell
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During the 1750s, rival European colonists sought allies amongst Native American tribes. Abenaki warbands raided the English settlements and participated in the infamous massacre at Fort William Henry -- an incident immortalised in THE LAST OF THE MOHICANS. This episode fuelled an escalating cycle of revenge that reached a bloody climax two years later when Robert Rogers and his rangers were ordered deep within enemy territory to destroy the Abenaki village of St Francis, which they did with ruthless efficiency. However the raiders endured a nightmare journey as they struggled home. Several were caught by vengeful pursuers and tortured to death; others resorted to cannibalism rather than starve in the wilderness. Rogers? raid was celebrated by Anglo-American colonists, and its leader is credited with founding the ?special forces? tradition in the US Army. Others view the St Francis raid as an eighteenth-century My Lai massacre, in which helpless men and women were butchered. Eschewing prejudices, Stephen Brumwell deploys vivid prose and meticulous research to reconstruct this controversial and dramatic episode from America's violent frontier past. Kirjastojen kuvailuja ei löytynyt. |
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Google Books — Ladataan... LajityypitMelvil Decimal System (DDC)973.26History and Geography North America United States Colonial period (1607-1775) Extension of English rule (1732-63)Kongressin kirjaston luokitusArvio (tähdet)Keskiarvo:
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After achieving renown in the French and Indian War, Roger’s fame diminished – likely because he picked the wrong (Loyalist) side in the American Revolutionary War. He came back to public attention with the 1937 fictionalized biography Northwest Passage, later made into a movie (with Spencer Tracy as Rogers) and a TV series (with Buddy Ebsen). The actual fighting was considerably sanitized for Hollywood, of course. Which finally brings us to the book review – Stephen Brumwell’s White Devil. Brumwell is not politically correct in his treatment of Native Americans – they pillage, rape, murder, and torture. However, he makes it clear that the white people they were fighting also pillaged, raped, murdered and tortured; we just got to write that out of the histories.
Although Brumwell extensively covers Rogers Rangers earlier actions, the centerpiece of the book is Roger’s October 1759 raid on the Abenaki village of St. Francis, in what’s now Quebec. The Rangers reached the town after a boat journey up Lake Champlain and an overland trek; the attack was carefully planned to take place at dawn, with sharpshooters posted at exit routes and the main body sweeping through the town to burn, kill, and loot. The Abenaki seem to have received some warning that the attack was coming but if so were tragically unprepared; the warriors were elsewhere and Roger’s men – despite orders – killed the elderly, the women, and the children that remained in St. Francis. The subsequent retreat was even more heroic/antiheroic than the attack. Rogers feared a pursuing force was close behind – this wasn’t correct, but his boats had been discovered where he had left them at Lake Champlain and an ambush was waiting there. He therefore made the right decision for the wrong reasons – to take another, much longer route back to friendly territory. This turned into an epic; the retreating raiders divided into small parties and some of them were caught and slaughtered. The others suffered grimly from starvation and exposure – and in one case killed and ate one of their Abenaki captives (She was described as “plump”). To compound the misery, a relief party that was supposed to cache supplies gave up and abandoned their mission just two hours before the Rangers would have reached them. The surviving Rangers eventually reached Connecticut; despite the decimation of the Ranger force the raid was hailed as a great victory. Brumwell notes that the Abenaki still call Rogers “Wobomagonda” – White Devil.
Rogers’ subsequent career was anticlimactic; unlike many of his Ranger compatriots – notably John Stark, hero of the Battle of Bennington – Rogers stayed Loyalist during the American Revolution but didn’t perform any notable service. After the war he went to England but was unable to obtain any preferment, and sunk into gambling and drink, eventually dying, deeply in debt, in 1795.
Brumwell’s book is fascinating, an easy read and full of details about life on the frontier and in the military. There are extensive endnotes – but they are not indexed by page. No bibliography, but the relevant works are all referenced in the endnotes. Maps show the general colonial situation, and details of the advance and retreat from St. Francis. There’s a handy appendix with the names of all the principal actors, and another appendix with Rogers’ Rules to be observed in the ranging service (still in use by the US Army Rangers). ( )