Jürgen Habermas

Some incisive comments from Habermas:

Heidegger was limited by Husserl's phenomenological way of asking questions, a variant of Husserl, and insisted on Husserl's Intuitionism throughout his life. In a sense, it still adheres to the foundationalism of philosophy of consciousness. Heidegger confuses everyday life with art, rejects the question of science and experience, the uncertainty of his destiny with his blind obedience to something higher.

1. History of reason: the process of the formation of madness, and there is truth in madness. He later switched from hermeneutics to archaeology. "The subject, by turning everything around him into a subject, ultimately elevates himself to the universal reason of mankind." Monologue isolation. The humanities have also become intermediaries for disciplining forces; The subject-centered rationality gained the dominant position. Truth is a mechanism of exclusion.
2. Foucault's rules are insufficient to explain practice, and from episteme to power, knowledge-based dependence on power. Power comes from the philosophy of consciousness, which is only reversed and cannot get rid of the philosophy of the subject.

His own alternative path out of subject philosophy:

Communicative rationality and subject-centered rationality. The objective cognition paradigm of philosophy of consciousness should be replaced by the mutual understanding paradigm. The intersubjectivity of language establishment. The ontological distinction between a priori and experience disappears. Rational restructuring is aimed at the system of rules, not totality.… (lisätietoja)